I was recently in an accident involving a cement truck. A cement truck entered my lane while I was still in it. He didn't see me and destroyed the left side of my car. All damages to the car are being paid for by the truck drivers insurance company. I did have to go to the doctor because I have been having back pains ever since the morning following the accident. The doctor told me I can not do any physical training for at least ten days, nor can I lift any heavy objects. I am in the military working as a mechanic, so that is what I do all day. All hospital visits are paid for by the army, so I do not have any medical bills to produce to the insurance company, does anyone know how I can go about filing a claim like this? Do I even have anything that I can file?

Yes, you can claim for accident. And they should pay for this.

You should contact with public adjusters- Public Adjusters are professionals who are employed exclusively by a policyholder who has sustained an insured loss. They handle every detail of the claim, working closely with the insured to provide the most equitable and prompt settlement possible. A Public Adjuster inspects the loss site immediately, analyzes the damages, assembles claim support data, reviews the insured's coverage, determines current replacement costs and exclusively serves the client, not the insurance company.

Its the responsiblity of company to help you in every way.

Oh thats really very bad i am sorry for this, i think there must be some action from the license company for driver.

You can show the documents of truck driver company when they made a payment for your car. You can take help from there. Otherwise you have nothing to rectify the accidental process. You can't claim if you don't have proper documentation.
Anyways, try it and talk to your insurance agent regarding this.

Thanks buddies for the useful and informative comments.